The engine powered skid-steer loader consists of a small and rigid frame, equipped along with lift arms that could connect to several industrial attachments and tools in order to execute numerous labor saving jobs. Typically, skid-steer loaders are four-wheel drive vehicles which have the left-hand side wheels operating independent of the right-hand side wheels, even though some models are equipped along with tracks instead. On the four-wheel models, having each side independent of each other allows the rotation direction of the wheels and the wheel speed to determine which direction the loader will turn.
The skid-steer loader is able to perform zero-radius turns or "pirouettes." This added feature enables the skid-steer loader to maneuver for certain applications that require an agile and compact loader.
The lift arms on the skid-steer loader are placed at the side of the driver with pivots at the back of the driver's shoulders. These features makes the skid-steer loader different compared to the conventional front loader. Because of the operator's proximity to moving booms, early skid loaders were not as safe as traditional front loaders, especially all through the operator's entry and exit. Today's' modern skid-steer loaders have numerous features to protect the driver like fully-enclosed cabs. Similar to other front loaders, the skid-steer model could push materials from one location to another, is capable of loading material into a trailer or a truck and could carry material in its bucket.
Usually a skid-steer loader is able to be used on a jobsite instead of a large excavator by digging a hole from the inside. To begin with, the skid-steer loader digs a ramp leading to the edge of the desired excavation, and after that it utilizes the ramp so as to excavate material out of the hole. As the excavation deepens, the machinery reshapes the ramp making it longer and steeper. This is a particularly helpful way for digging beneath a building where there is not sufficient overhead clearance for the boom of a big excavator. Like for instance, this is a common scenario when digging a basement below an existing house or building.
There is much flexibility in the attachments which the skid steer loaders are capable of. For example, the traditional bucket of many of these loaders could be replaced with many accessories which are powered by the loader's hydraulic system, consisting of pallet forks, backhoes, tree spades, sweepers, mowers, snow blades and cement mixers. Several other popular specialized buckets and attachments consist of wheel saws, snow blades, trenchers, angle booms, dumping hopper, wood chipper machines, grapples, tillers and stump grinders rippers.
The 3-wheeled front end loader was invented in nineteen fifty seven, by Cyril and Louis Keller in their hometown of Rothsay, Minnesota. The Keller brothers created this machine in order to help mechanize the method of cleaning in turkey barns. This particular equipment was compact and light and consisted of a back caster wheel which allowed it to turn around and maneuver within its own length, enabling it to carry out the same work as a conventional front-end loader.
During the year 1958, the Melroe brothers of Melroe Manufacturing Company in Gwinner, N.D. acquired the rights to the Keller loader. They hired the Keller brothers to continue refining their loader invention. The M-200 Melroe was actually the end result of this partnership. This model was a self-propelled loader which was introduced to the market during 1958. The M-200 Melroe featured a two independent front drive wheels, a rear caster wheel, a 12.9 HP engine and a 750 lb lift capacity. By 1960, they changed the caster wheel along with a back axle and launched the very first 4 wheel skid steer loader that was referred to as the M-400.
The term "Bobcat" is used as a generic term for skid-steer loaders. The M-400 soon after became the Melroe Bobcat. The M-440 version was powered by a 15.5 HP engine and has rated operating capacity of 1100 lbs. The business continued the skid-steer development into the mid 1960s and introduced the M600 loader.
Many makers have their own models of the skid steer loader which is just referred to as a Skidsteer within the construction industry. Hyundai, JCB, Caterpillar, Bobcat, Komatsu, Mustang, John Deere, JLG, New Holland, Gehl Company, LiuGong and ASV are a few for instance, amongst others.